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- The University
of London,
1858-1900: The
Politics of
Senate and
Convocation: (31 July
2004)In 1858
the University
- in reality
an examining
board - opened
its non-
medical
examinations
to candidates
irrespective
of how they
prepared
themselves. At
the same time,
graduates
could join the
newly
established
Convocation,
for four
decades
empowered to
veto changes
in the
University's
Charter,
choose a
quarter of the
governing body
the Senate,
and, from
1868, elect
the
University's
MP. This book
analyses the
delicate and
often
stressful
relations of
Senate and
Convocation,
covering the
long struggle
over admission
of women to
degrees; the
contribution
of the
University to
secondary
education; the
establishment
of the
University's
seat in the
House of
Commons, and
the subsequent
elections of
Members. Later
chapters
describe the
extended
campaign to
change the
institution
into an
orthodox
university,
and the
political
struggles and
academic
manoeuvring
that attended
the process.
F.M.G. WILLSON
has retired
from an
academic and
administrative
career in
Zimbabwe,
North America,
London and
Australia.FMG
Willson
Source: (31 July 2004) - Lobbying for
Justice:
Organized
Interests
Supreme Court
Nominations,
and United
States Senate: American
Journal of
Political
Science, Vol.
42, No. 2.
(1998), pp.
499-523.Theory
: By providing
information to
senators and
their
constituents
about how
nominees are
likely to
behave on the
Court if
confirmed; and
by
communicating
information
about
constituents'
preferences
through
grassroots
lobbying
campaigns,
interest
groups help
shape
senators'
preferences
for nominees
and inform
them about the
appropriate
importance to
attach to
constituency
preferences.
Hypotheses: We
argue that
interest
groups play an
important role
in shaping
senators'
decisions. The
empirical
implication of
our argument
is that unless
some account
of groups'
lobbying
efforts is
included in
models used to
explain
congressional
voting, the
importance of
traditional
predictors
such as
ideology and
constituency
will be
exaggerated.
Method: Using
data from
surveys of
organized
interests'
activities on
the Bork,
Souter, and
Thomas
nominations,
we estimate
the
coefficients
for our model
with a
two-stage
OLS-probit
procedure.
Results: Our
empirical
analyses
indicate that
interest group
lobbying has a
statistically
significant
effect on
senators'
confirmation
votes on all
three
nominations.Gr
egory
Caldeira, John
Wright
Source: American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 42, No. 2. (1998), pp. 499-523. - Courting
Constituents?
An Analysis of
the Senate
Confirmation
Vote on
Justice
Clarence
Thomas: The American
Political
Science
Review, Vol.
86, No. 4.
(1992), pp.
997-1003.The
increasing
public
attention paid
to Supreme
Court
nominations
has elevated
the salience
of Senate
confirmation
battles,
raising
interesting
questions
about the
impact of
constituency
preferences on
senators'
voting
behavior. In
this article,
we explore
this
relationship
using a
logistical
regression
model to
examine the
impacts of
African-Americ
an
constituency
size and the
proximity of
reelection on
the roll call
behavior of
senators on
the Clarence
Thomas
confirmation
vote. Our
analyses
indicate that
these factors
were both
statistically
and
substantively
significant in
the Thomas
case. We
conclude by
discussing the
theoretical
and practical
implications
of such
findings.Marvi
n Overby, Beth
Henschen,
Michael Walsh,
Julie Strauss
Source: The American Political Science Review, Vol. 86, No. 4. (1992), pp. 997-1003.
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